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Information on Asbestos Lung Cancer and Poisoning Symptoms. |
What is asbestos?
Also Check out our
Section for Help if you are
suffering from Asbestos Cancer.
Asbestos is the name given to a
group of six different fibrous
minerals
(amosite, chrysotile, crocidolite,
and the fibrous varieties of
tremolite, actinolite, and
anthophyllite) that occur naturally
in the
environment. Asbestos minerals have
separable long fibers that are
strong and flexible enough to be
spun and woven and are heat
resistant.
Because of these characteristics,
asbestos has been used for a wide
range of manufactured goods, mostly
in building materials (roofing
shingles, ceiling and floor tiles,
paper products, and asbestos cement
products), friction products
(automobile clutch, brake, and
transmission
parts), heat-resistant fabrics,
packaging, gaskets, and coatings.
Some
vermiculite or talc products may
contain asbestos.
What happens to asbestos when it
enters the environment?
Asbestos fibers can enter the air or
water from the breakdown of natural
deposits and manufactured asbestos
products. Asbestos fibers do not
evaporate into air or dissolve in
water. Small diameter fibers and
particles may remain suspended in
the air for a long time and be
carried
long distances by wind or water
before settling down. Larger
diameter
fibers and particles tend to settle
more quickly.
Asbestos fibers are not able to move
through soil. Asbestos fibers are
generally not broken down to other
compounds and will remain virtually
unchanged over long periods.
How might I be exposed to asbestos?
We are all exposed to low levels of
asbestos in the air we breathe.
These levels range from 0.00001 to
0.0001 fibers per milliliter of air
and generally are highest in cities
and industrial areas.
People working in industries that
make or use asbestos products or who
are involved in asbestos mining may
be exposed to high levels of asbestos. People living near these
industries may also be exposed to
high levels of asbestos in air.
Asbestos fibers may be released into
the air by the disturbance of
asbestos-containing material during
product use, demolition work,
building or home maintenance,
repair, and remodeling. In general,
exposure may occur only when the
asbestos-containing material is
disturbed in some way to release
particles and fibers into the air.
Drinking water may contain asbestos
from natural sources or from
asbestos-containing cement pipes.
How can asbestos affect my health?
Asbestos mainly affects the lungs
and the membrane that surrounds the
lungs. Breathing high levels of
asbestos fibers for a long time may
result in scar-like tissue in the
lungs and in the pleural membrane
(lining) that surrounds the lung.
This disease is called asbestosis
and
is usually found in workers exposed
to asbestos, but not in the general
public. People with asbestosis have
difficulty breathing, often a cough,
and in severe cases heart
enlargement. Asbestosis is a serious
disease
and can eventually lead to
disability and death.
Breathing lower levels of asbestos
may result in changes called plaques
in the pleural membranes. Pleural
plaques can occur in workers and
sometimes in people living in areas
with high environmental levels of
asbestos. Effects on breathing from
pleural plaques alone are not
usually serious, but higher exposure
can lead to a thickening of the
pleural membrane that may restrict
breathing.
How likely is asbestos to cause
cancer?
The Department of Health and Human
Services (DHHS), the World Health
Organization (WHO), and the EPA have
determined that asbestos is a human
carcinogen.
It is known that breathing asbestos
can increase the risk of cancer in
people. There are two types of
cancer caused by exposure to
asbestos:
lung cancer and mesothelioma.
Mesothelioma is a cancer of the thin
lining surrounding the lung (pleural
membrane) or abdominal cavity (the
peritoneum). Cancer from asbestos
does not develop immediately, but
shows up after a number of years.
Studies of workers also suggest that
breathing asbestos can increase
chances of getting cancer in other
parts
of the body (stomach, intestines,
esophagus, pancreas, and kidneys),
but
this is less certain. Early
identification and treatment of any
cancer
can increase an individual's quality
of life and survival.
Cigarette smoke and asbestos
together significantly increase your
chances of getting lung cancer.
Therefore, if you have been exposed
to
asbestos you should stop smoking.
This may be the most important
action
that you can take to improve your
health and decrease your risk of
cancer.
How can asbestos affect children?
We do not know if exposure to
asbestos will result in birth
defects or
other developmental effects in
people. Birth defects have not been
observed in animals exposed to
asbestos.
It is likely that health effects
seen in children exposed to high
levels
of asbestos will be similar to the
effects seen in adults.
How can families reduce the risk of
exposure to asbestos?
Materials containing asbestos that
are not disturbed or deteriorated do
not, in general, pose a health risk
and can be left alone. If you
suspect that you may be exposed to
asbestos in your home, contact your
state or local health department or
the regional offices of EPA to find
out how to test your home and how to
locate a company that is trained to
remove or contain the fibers.
Is there a medical test to show
whether I've been exposed to
asbestos?
Low levels of asbestos fibers can be
measured in urine, feces, mucus, or
lung washings of the general public.
Higher than average levels of
asbestos fibers in tissue can
confirm exposure but not determine
whether
you will experience any health
effects.
A thorough history, physical exam,
and diagnostic tests are needed to
evaluate asbestos-related disease.
Chest x-rays are the best screening
tool to identify lung changes
resulting from asbestos exposure.
Lung
function tests and CAT scans also
assist in the diagnosis of
asbestos-related disease.
The information provided herein
is intended for your general
knowledge only and is not a
substitute for medical advice or
treatment for specific medical
conditions. The information should
not be used during any medical
emergency or for the diagnosis or
treatment of any medical condition.
A licensed physician should be
consulted for diagnosis and
treatment of any and all medical
conditions.
Content Courtesy : atsdr.cdc.gov
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